Poster Presentation Multi-Omics Conference 2024

New T cell subset associated with prolonged survival in non-small cell lung cancer identified with hi-plex spatial proteomics (#107)

Claire CM Marceaux 1 2 , Kenta KY Yokote 1 , Velimir VG Gayevski 1 , Daniel DB Batey 1 , Ilariya IT Tarasova 1 2 , Laurie LC Choux 1 , Nina NTR Tubau Ribera 1 , Jack JH Hywood 3 , Michael MC Christie 3 , Phillip PA Antippa 2 3 , Terence TPS Speed 1 2 , Kelly KLR Rogers 1 2 , Belinda BP Phipson 1 2 , Marie-Liesse MLAL Asselin-Labat 1 2
  1. Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
  2. University of Melbourne, Melbourne
  3. The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death globally. Surgical resection is currently the most suitable treatment for patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, recurrence is common. Understanding the composition and spatial organization of the tumour immune microenvironment (TME) is crucial to explaining the diverse prognoses of lung cancer patients.

 

In this study, we investigated the TME using imaging-based single-cell spatial proteomics. We developed a 38-antibody panel for the multiplexed ion beam imaging (MIBI-TOF) platform and performed whole transcriptome analysis of tumour cells using the Nanostring GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiling (DSP) technology.

 

Our spatial multi-omics analyses reveal that LUAD and LUSC, the two main NSCLC subtypes, have distinct TMEs. Notably, neutrophil-enriched tumours are associated with worse survival. We identified a novel T cell subset that, when accumulating in the tumour core, is associated with prolonged patient survival. Our findings demonstrate that innate immune cells influence adaptive immune cell activity, supporting the deployment of discrete T cell populations with anti-tumour activity.